Archive for October, 2009

Bad eyes, diffraction rings, and appreciating cheap optics

October 31st, 2009

I am nearsighted at something like 2 diopters. Without glasses things become a bit blurry, especially in the dark. Here is a sketch I made a few years ago of what I see at night:

This is what I see without glasses

This is what I see without glasses

This is a somewhat enlarged version of the blob I see when I look at a remote streetlight in the darkness.

Not all the features of this image may be present at the same time. For example, the small dark spot that looks like a target is something that appears just from time to time, I guess when a minor particle in my eye goes at the exactly correct place.

This image shows how much inferior are our eyes to even the cheapest telescope. My eyes are not so bad as it may look from the picture. With glasses everything is just fine. Or at least looks like it’s fine…

But if this was a telescope, I’d burn the darn thing!

Making a Triode Vacuum Tube

October 30th, 2009

An amazing video of manual fabrication of a triode vacuum tube:

For details, and to see what the lamp was used for, check this page.

Just pond scum…

October 30th, 2009

Plants may look inert and passive to us but we just live at different timescales. Shake a vial of pond scum and let it sit for an hour. Take snapshots at regular intervals, speed them up, and this is what you will see:


(Full resolution video here.)

This pond scum is very much alive – and it is hungry!

One-Penny Darkfield Illumination Filter

October 29th, 2009
Brightfield

Brightfield

Darkfield

Darkfield

Look at these two microscopic images.  Both are of the same specimen (a dust mite), both are taken with the same microscope and same camera. Yet, they look very different. The difference is in the way the subject is illuminated.

Most entry-level microscopes come with a single way to illuminate your specimen – bright field illumination. For many types of specimen this works just fine. But often you could get much better results and see much more details if you change the illumination. Click on both of these images to get the full-resolution version and you will see that the darkfield image not only looks better, but shows much more details that are almost invisible in the brightfield. Notice how much more you can see of the internal structure of the mite, and how better is the contrast of the feet.

If you want to try darkfield microscopy, you have two options: you could either buy a darkfield illuminator attachment (which will cost you anywhere between $50 and $1500), or you can try making one yourself (this one will cost you something in the range of one penny to a quarter).

» Read more: One-Penny Darkfield Illumination Filter